IF CLAUSE
Pengertian Conditional Sentence
Conditional sentence adalah complex sentence(kalimat majemuk) yang dibentuk dari subordinate clause yang diawali dengan subordinate conjunction ifberupa condition (syarat) dan main clause berupa result/consequence (hasil).
Ada 4 tipe conditional sentence yang biasa digunakan, yaitu: tipe 1, tipe 2, tipe 3, dan tipe 0. Condition pada conditional sentence tipe 1 mungkin dipenuhi, tipe 2 tidak atau hampir tidak mungkin dipenuhi, tipe 3 tidak mungkin dipenuhi (unreal), sedangkan tipe 0 selalu terwujud karena merupakan scientific fact/kebenaran ilmiah.
Rumus Conditional Sentence
Rumus Umum
Secara umum, rumus kalimat pengandaian ini adalah sebagai berikut.
| if + condition, result/consequence |
|---|
atau tanpa tanda baca koma:
| result/consequence + if + condition |
|---|
Rumus Conditional Sentence berbagai tipe
| Type | Rumus Conditional Sentence |
|---|---|
| 0 | if + simple present, simple present |
| 1 | if + simple present, will + bare infinitive |
| 2 | if + simple past, would/could/might + bare infinitive |
| 3 | if + past perfect, would/should/could/might have + past participle |
Contoh Conditional Sentence
Berikut contoh conditional sentence pada berbagai tipe sesuai dengan rumus di atas.
| Type | Contoh Conditional Sentence |
|---|---|
| 0 | If we burn paper, it becomes ash. (Jika kita membakar kertas, itu menjadi abu.) |
| 1 | If I meet him, I will introduce myself. (Jika saya bertemu dia, saya akan memperkenalkan diri.) |
| 2 | If it rained tomorrow, I would sleep all day. (Jika besok hujan, saya akan tidur sepanjang hari.) |
| 3 | If you had remembered to invite me, I would have attended your party. (Jika kamu ingat mengundang saya, saya akan hadir di pestamu.) |
Negatif if + condition
Rumus: if…not dapat digantikan dengan unless.
Contoh conditional sentence: if…not dan unless:
Dengan menggunakan rumus negatif if, contoh conditional sentence seperti di bawah ini.
- If the students do not understand, they will raise their hand to ask.
- Unless the students understand, they will raise their hand to ask.
References:
- Conditional Sentences. http://faculty.deanza.edu/flemingjohn/stories/storyReader$18. Accessed on April 9, 2013.
- First, Second, & Third Conditional.http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/conditional2.htm. Accessed on April 9, 2013.
- Conditionals. http://esl.fis.edu/grammar/rules/cond.htm. Accessed on April 9, 2013.
- Zero Conditional. http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/0cond.htm. Accessed on April 9, 2013.
- Zero Conditional. http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/radio/specials/1636_gramchallenge22/. Accessed on April 9, 2013.
